RobecoSAM Biodiversity Equities is the culmination of over a year of work to create a product that specifically promotes biodiversity in a targeted thematic style, rather than just investing in environmental or climate-related stocks generally.

The strategy will invest in companies that support the more sustainable use of natural resources and ecosystem services, as well as the technologies, products and services that help to reduce biodiversity threats or restore natural habitats. These are the companies that benefit most from the transition to a nature-positive world that protects biodiversity in all its forms.

“Nearly all human activity in a modern society creates losses; our job is to invest in companies that can profit from being competitively positioned to reduce biodiversity loss,” says David Thomas, Portfolio Manager for the new strategy, which will be launched on 31 October 2022.

“To find those future market winners, we will focus early on sustainable activities that can be found in agriculture, forestry, fishing and ocean-based aquaculture, which represent nearly three-quarters of species loss. Using a system of carefully designed, biodiversity-specific key performance indicators, we can isolate those companies that are meaningfully contributing to the promoting biodiversity.”

The strategy will target a thematic universe of about 250 companies that will be narrowed down to about 40-80 arranged in four investment clusters: Sustainable Land Use; Freshwater Networks; Marine Systems; and Traceable Products. This is shown in the illustration below.

These will target a broad remit of themes, including environmental remediation, reforestation, waste water treatment, hazardous waste management, aquaculture and sustainable fishing. The traceable products theme will look for opportunities in organic food and beverages, eco-friendly furniture and more environmentally friendly consumer goods such as cosmetics.

The strategy will be managed by Robeco’s Zurich-based thematic team which as over 20 years of investment experience running more than EUR 12 billion in impact investing-related assets. The team aims to have about 25% of the portfolio names under engagement to try to further improve the contributions they can make to biodiversity.

Creating the product follows the publication in January 2022 of a positioning paper entitled ‘Robeco’s approach to biodiversity: Towards the integration of nature-related risks, opportunities and impacts in our investments’. The white paper formed a blueprint for future policy and acted as the bedrock for what became Biodiversity Equities.

“Systematically identifying thematically aligned companies with great performance potential is both a science and an art,” says Aaron Re’em, co-Portfolio Manager of the strategy. “But all analysis is underpinned by the same rigor that we’ve applied over more than two decades of developing thematic investment products that target solutions to sustainability challenges.”

“We use our foresight to recognize the structural trends related to biodiversity, apply our proven thematic process to build an investment universe, and select attractively priced winners that are well positioned to benefit from the rapidly evolving competitive landscape.”

These kinds of solutions can be seen in ‘bending the curve’ to stop the decline of biodiversity loss and start reaping both the natural and economic rewards that come from enhancing biodiversity instead, as seen in the graphic below.

However, investors have a big job ahead of them in bending this curve. The daily destruction of forests, plants and the natural habitats of animals due to human activity is seen as a challenge as great as the one the world faces with climate change. Unsustainable human development is putting up to one million species at risk of extinction within a few decades.

Climate change is further exacerbating the problem, as older forests and peatlands absorb carbon dioxide, which means deforestation and loss of plant life makes global warming worse. Many scientists believe that climate change and biodiversity loss are two sides of the same coin.

“Biodiversity is an acute threat with irreversible consequences playing out in the here and now,” Thomas says. “Irresponsible development is clearing natural forests, wiping out animal habitats, burning plant species, pumping fish with antibiotics, and dumping chemical fertilizers into waterways on a daily basis. These activities are destructive in real time, not strung out over decades.”

“There is some hope though. Countries have set new national biodiversity targets for 2030, much sooner than the net zero targets of 2050. The EU is leading the way extending mandates on organic farming, increasing quality standards for waterways and soils and legislating measures that support sustainable fishing and aquaculture management. It is also developing a Taxonomy to define what types of investments actually address biodiversity loss.”

The strategy will invest in companies that can make a contribution to the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, specifically SDG 3 (good health and well-being); SDG 9 (industry, innovation and infrastructure); SDG 12 (responsible consumption and production); SDG 14 (life below water); and SDG 15 (life on land).

Within the four clusters, some sectors will naturally produce more portfolio candidates than others, with Consumer Staples generating about one-third of companies, and Industrials one-quarter. Regionally, Europe and the Americas will provide about 40% each.

As with climate change, the sums of money involved in avoiding disaster are vast. The World Economic Forum (WEF) estimates that more than half of the world’s economic output of USD 44 trillion is moderately or highly dependent on nature in some form, meaning that if natural systems collapse, so will our economic and financial systems.

The WEF places biodiversity loss as third on its lists of global risks by the perception of their severity, behind climate change and extreme weather. This placed it higher than infectious diseases – despite the recent memory of the ravages of Covid-19 – and the kind of geo-economic confrontation seen when Russia invaded Ukraine.

But it is also a massive opportunity: the potential market for biodiversity-friendly investments is more than USD 10 trillion, according to the World Economic Forum. This is primarily by transforming the three economic systems that are responsible for almost 80% of nature loss, namely food, infrastructure and energy.

“It means ecosystems can be viewed as important assets that can continue to be monetized, if this is done in a more sustainable way,” Re’em says. “This is the essence of the strategy. Protecting biodiversity is not just a means of saving nature – it’s also one of the biggest investment opportunities of our times.”